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Definition:
Obesity is a disorder
involving an excessive amount of body fat to an extent that it may have a
negative impact on the body.
Causes:
·
Obesity is
generally caused by eating too much and moving too little. If you
consume high amounts of energy from your diet, particularly from fat and
sugars, but do not burn off the energy through exercise and physical activity,
much of the surplus energy is then stored by the body as fat
Other factors:
·
Genetics
·
Overeating
·
A diet high in
simple carbohydrates
·
Frequency of
eating
·
Slow metabolism
·
Physical
inactivity
·
Medications
·
Pregnancy
·
Lack of sleep
How to measure:
Obesity
is likely when an individual BMI is 30 or higher.
BMI:
calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms (kg) by your height in meters
(m) squared.
Classification:
Overweight (not obese), if
BMI is 25.0 - 29.9
Class 1 (low-risk) obesity,
if BMI is 30.0 - 34.9
Class 2 (moderate-risk)
obesity, if BMI is 35.0 - 39.9
Class 3 (high-risk) obesity,
if BMI is equal to or greater than 40.0
Complications:
If
you're obese, you're more likely to develop a number of potentially serious
health problems, including:
·
High
triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
·
Type 2 diabetes
·
High blood
pressure
·
Metabolic
syndrome — a combination of high blood sugar, high blood pressure, high
triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol
·
Heart disease
·
Stroke
·
Cancer, including
cancer of the uterus, cervix, endometrium, ovaries, breast, colon, rectum,
esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney and prostate
·
Breathing
disorders, including sleep apnea, a potentially serious sleep disorder in which
breathing repeatedly stops and starts
·
Gallbladder
disease
·
Gynecologic
problems, such as infertility and irregular periods
·
Erectile
dysfunction and sexual health issues
·
Nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease, a condition in which fat builds up in the liver and can
cause inflammation or scarring
·
Osteoarthritis
·
Skin conditions,
including poor wound healing
How to manage obesity:
·
Starting to make healthy changes in your diet, such as eating more fruits, vegetables and whole
grains and reducing portion sizes.
·
Focus on
achievable, enjoyable changes.
·
Eat breakfast.
·
Tracking how much you're eating or drinking each day so that you get a sense of how many calories you're
taking in. It's easy to underestimate how many calories you actually take in
every day.
·
Beginning to increase your activity level. Try to get up and move around your home more frequently. Start
gradually if you aren't in good shape or aren't used to exercising. Even a
10-minute daily walk can help.
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